What is INFLATION?

INFLATION

            Inflation is a condition of money value deficiency and price increment. When a country can not keep balance between the price, supply and production either due to material scarity or money value deficiency, inflation occurs. There are four kinds of inflation in classifications, low, moderate, high and hyperinflation. Percentage of low inflation is below 10% and in this category, it hasn’t effect so much in many countries. Percentage of moderate inflation is between 10% until 30% per year. High is the chronic state, 30% until 100% per year while hyperinflation is more than 100% and very dangerous to every economic system.

            Based on IMF’s classification, there are only three kinds of inflation. Acute, chronic and runaway inflation. There are cost push inflation if the cause is too much demand should be paid and demand push inflation when materials need more cost to be produced. Based on Keynes’s theory, inflation occurs because people’s need to be rich. They want something more than their economic state limits. The relation with the food producing, foods will meet the limit of scarity because the growth of population is faster than the growth of food production, as Malthus’s theory explain.

            Inflation creates loss for people who save their money in the bank. The money value will be lower while the price will be higher. However, people who borrow money in a certain amount will gain the profit because the amount of money will be easily gained to pay the bills. These are two reason why inflation is such a loss for many people. For national economy system, inflation makes import faster and export longer. People will buy foods and products from other countries because the price is less expenssive than the price of our own nature resources. It leads to speculative infestation for some people. They will only speculate to start a new business.

            Our government made three policies to overcome inflation represively. The first is monetary policy. This policy related to central banks and money circulation in public. In this policy, there known discunt polity, open market polity, and cash ratio polity. The second is fiscal policy. This policy related to income and outcome in countries and government. The last one is nonmonetary policy. Wages and costs also arranged in this policy.

           

            

Democracy Has Bad Aspects Too

            Democracy is the root of many things in the government system in the majority of countries. Transparency, pers and justice are the main idea of democracy. Human Rights are the most important thing which is the reason why Indonesia imposes democratic government system.  Because of our country is an independent county, we have the freedom of expression. However when we do something, we have to care about other people’s rights, that is how the ideal democracy happen. Not all of Indonesian citizens know the ideal democracy. Sometimes, people misuse their rights by being too free. Sometimes they overlooked their rights and the only one way they use to magnify their rights is by taking it from other’s.

            Democracy has bad aspects too, too much of a good thing can be bad. Too` much freedom can destroy a country. Every good thing has bad side of it, nothing is perfect unless you live in a dead society. As we see in the newspapper, so many demonstration with anarchism can turn into violence. That’s a bad thing which can’t be tolerated. Our country will be so miserable because of over democration. Things have happened so terrible, our mentality has been brainwashed by false idea of democracy. We know so many citizen organization which are radicals, militant and virgilent. They kill other’s freedom furthermore, they assault the government and the president without any guilt because democracy teach us about freedom of expression.

 It’s pathetic that most people value democracy more than they value ideology. The truth is ideology is the national principle of a couuntry. We should value it more than we value democracy. Democracy can make people casually protest to the government and misuse laws to break people down. For example is the laws about blasphemy. People who don’t like someone and then the hated person speak something a little offensive about a religion, they will find so many ways to bring that person to the jail, the reason is democracy and citizen sovereignty. Actually, it is okay to give our opinion about other religion because democracy is about freedom of expression. Ironically, so many people think that it is illegal even they do it even more severe. For majority of people, they will mostly be safe. They can protest even the smallest problem to the president. However, for minority, it is very hard to get our rights, sometimes. That is because of unfair democracy, democracy which only applied to some people, they are too free so they violate other’s rights.

            However, not all about democracy is bad. Democracy has so many profitable effects. We live in democratic era which can fulfill our needs, unlike the traditional kingdom era. In the past, our country was kingdoms, when the king was the one that had the sovereignty so the citizen could not protest about anything which the king did. Now our country applies presidential government which is more fair than kingdoms. Democracy is also about citizen sovereignty, we are free to give our opinions about the policies, as long as we responsible by our opinion. From citizens, by citizens and for citizens, that is the real meaning of democracy. Civil society can be realized by democracy. Civil society is something that we desire to happen.

            Democracy helps a country to find its identity. Every country is different, because every country has its own identity. Democracy helps everyone to develop their tallents by giving them a chance to express themselves. They can feel free to share their opinions to the government so the government can fulfill their needs. The government will not feel so confused about what are the majority of people need. Demonstration if done right, can be a good things to organize so many aspects in our country. If people be aware about the real democracy and the balance of rights and obligations, our country will be a good country. Our country is country with so many good things inside, the problem is how we be aware of that.

            From the above, we can conclude that democracy can either be bad or good. It depens on how we see it in a point of view. Democracy has both good and bad aspect. Everthing has both good and bad effects, nothing is prefect. There are so many good and there are so many bad things about democracy. We are people, we live in the society where we learn about social norms and social values that sometimes we don’t act like we should. Even a good attitude has bad effects to, we will feel so burdened sometimes by doing the right thing. That is what democracy like. Democracy can guide our country to develop social aspects like freedom of expression. Democracy can make us more creative. However, democracy can make a war. Democracy can destroy our country because of people have been so egoistic about their rights. That is democracy.

Jangan Biarkan Konflik dan Kekerasan menjadi Pelanggaran HAM

‘’Tetapi Aku berkata kepadamu: Kasihilah musuhmu dan berdoalah bagi mereka yang menganiaya kamu. (Matius 5 : 44)’’

            Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kita sering menemui konflik atau pertentangan yang terkadang bisa memicu pelanggaran hak asasi mansia. Secara umum, konflik merupakan suatu tindakan yang bertujuan untuk mencapai tujuan pribadi menggunakan cara kekerasan. Konflik merupakan sesuatu yang tidak bisa dihindari dalam kehidupan sosial. Konflik sendiri memiliki sifat ‘’omni present’’ yang artinya konflik akan selalu hadir selama masyarakat itu ada. Dalam bertindak ataupun berkata-kata, terkadang kita tidak sadar apa yang telah kita lakukan telah menyakiti hati orang lain. Tuhan mengajarkan kita sebagai manusia untuk saling mengasihi  satu sama lain, termasuk musuh-musuh kita. Seperti yang tertulis dalam Matius 22 : 39 yang berbunyi ‘’Kasihilah sesamamu manusia seperti engkau mengasihi dirimu sendiri.’’ Maka dari itu, meski konflik akan selalu ada di dalam masyarakat, kita harus tetap mengasihi sesama, termasuk yang sedang memiliki konflik dengan kita. 

Tuhan menciptakan manusia sebagai mahluk yang paling sempurna diantara ciptaan-Nya. Manusia memiliki akal budi, hati nurani dan kebabasan. Hal tersebut yang membedakan manusia dengan mahluk yang lainnya. Tuhan pernah berfirman kepada manusia agar manusia berkuasa atas ciptaan yang lainnya, hal ini menunjukkan betapa cintanya Tuhan kepada umatnya. Sejak lahir, manusia memiliki hak asasi yang sifatnya hakiki karena hak asasi manusia merupakan pemberian dari Tuhan. Seorang m anusia sudah dianugrahi hak asasi sejak berada dalam kandungan ibunya, tepatnya pada saat sel telur menyatu dengan sel sperma dan membentuk zigot. Maka dari itu, kita harus menjaga, menghormati dan menghargai hak asasi manusia yang telah diberikan Tuhan kepada kita. Betapa berharga hidup kita bagi Allah. Semua orang diberikan hak asasi secara adil oleh Allah, tidak berat sebelah. Meskipun manusia terkadang berlaku tak adil dan menyiksa sesamanya, Tuhan selalu mengasihi umat-Nya dan Dia tidak pernah meninggalkan umat-Nya.

Sebagai umat Allah yang dikasihi-Nya, pantaskah kita saling menykiti satu sama lain? Bukankah konflik tidak seharusnya berujung pada kekerasan walaupun konflik dan kekerasan itu sangat dekat kaitannya? Kita hanya akan sadar bahwa kita sudah terlambat menyadari bahwa tindakan kita menyiksa orang lain yang sama dengan melanggar hak asasi orang lain sebagai manusia. Jika kita berkonflik dengan orang lain, seharusnya kita tetap mengasihi satu sama lain sebagaimana yang diperintahkan Tuhan. Seharusnya kita menyadari bahwa kekerasan itu melanggar hak asasi manusia. HAM bersifat universal. HAM tidak megenal kaya atau miskin, HAM bersifat adil terhadap setiap manusia. Tidak bisa dikurangi, tidak bisa dibagi. Meskipun di negri ini bisa ditemui banyak peraturan perundang-undangan yang bertentangan dengan hak asasi mansuia. Manusia memiliki hak untuk hidup sebagaimana dituliskan didalam pasal 28 ayat 1 UUD 1945. Sedangkan disisi lain, kita masih memiliki perturan hukum mengenai hukuman mati. Apa yang bisa kita lakukan? Sudah seharusnya kita menghargai hak asasi orang lain agar terhindar dari hukuman. Sudah seharusnya kita menghargai hak asasi orang lain.

Jika kita melanggar hak asasi orang lain, kita menghina Tuhan. Tuhan yang sudah menciptakan kita dengan HAM yang bersifat hakiki. Termasuk dalam kehidupan sehari-hari yang sering ditemui kekerasan. Sudah merupakan kewajiban setiap manusia untuk menghargai hak asasi setiap orang. Setiap orang memiiki hak untuk dihargai keberadaannya, apapun yang terjadi. Hak asasi tidak bisa dikurangi, dicabut ataupun dibagi. Hak asasi manusia memiliki sifat hakiki. Kita harus menghargai hak asasi setiap orang dengan cara menghargai keberadaan mereka dan mengasihi mereka seperti yang diperintahkan Allah kepada manusia.

Dalam kehidupan sosial, kita berbeda dengan yang lainnya. Tuhan menciptakan setiap individu itu berbeda. Karena perbedaan-perbedaan itulah yang menyebabkan manusia terkadang berkonflik. Seperti yang kita tahu, penyebab konflik sosial adalah perbedaan kepentingan, perbedaan kebudayaan, perbedaan pendirian dan perubahan sosial. Seseuatu yang akan selalu ada dalam masyarakat. Jika kita berseteru dengan orang lain terkadang kita ingin menjatuhkan orang tersebut. Terkadang kita melakukan kekerasan yang dapat melukai hati orang lain. Kekerasan yang dimaksud bukan hanya kekerasan secara fisik. Kekerasan bisa saja secara verbal maupun secara psikologis. Kita cenderung untuk tidak menghargai orang lain ketika kita berkonflik dengan mereka. Meskipun begitu sudah menjadi hak asasi setiap manusia untuk dihargai keberadaannya dan diperlakukan sebagai manusia. Jika kita saja sudah melakukan kekerasan, bagaimana bisa kita menghargai hak asasi orang lain. Janganlah manusia saling membenci dan janganlah manusia saling ingin menghilangkan lawan kita. Kita diciptakan oleh Tuhan untuk saling mengasihi, bukan untuk membenci satu sama lain..